Masike yo kwa muganga ikunze kwitwaMask yo kubaga or Maskmu Cyongereza, kandi birashobora no kwitwaAgasanduku k'amenyo, Mask yo kwigunga, Mask yo mumaso, n'ibindi Mubyukuri, barasa.Izina rya mask ntabwo ryerekana ingaruka zo gukingira aribyiza.

Nubwo amazina atandukanye yicyongereza yerekeza kuri mask yubuvuzi, akenshi hariho uburyo butandukanye.Masike gakondo yo kubaga ikoreshwa mucyumba cyo kubamo ni “Ihambire”Bande (ibumoso ku ishusho yavuzwe haruguru), benshi rero bita masque yo kubaga.Maskike yo kubaga nayo yateguwe hamwe nimishumi.Ku bantu basanzwe, “Earloop”Ugutwi-gutwi (iburyo ku ishusho hejuru) mask yubuvuzi bizoroha gukoresha.

Ibipimo byubuziranenge bwa masike yo kubaga

Mask yo kubaga ubuvuzi muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika yemerewe na FDA kandi isaba gukora neza muyungurura ibice, kurwanya amazi, amakuru yaka umuriro, nibindi, kugirango byuzuze ibipimo.Nibihe bisabwa bisanzwe kugirango masike yo kubaga ubuvuzi?FDA isaba masike yubuvuzi gutanga amakuru yikizamini gikurikira:

• Gukora neza kwa bacteri (BFE / Bacterial Filtration Efficiency): igipimo gipima ubushobozi bwa masike yubuvuzi kugirango wirinde kwandura bagiteri mu bitonyanga.Uburyo bwo gupima ASTM bushingiye kuri aerosol yibinyabuzima ifite ubunini bwa micron 3.0 kandi irimo Staphylococcus aureus.Umubare wa bagiteri urashobora kuyungurura na mask yo kwa muganga.Byerekanwa nkijanisha (%).Iyo ijanisha rirenze, nubushobozi bwa mask bwo guhagarika bagiteri.
• Kugaragaza neza imikorere ya Filtration (PFE / Particle Filtration Efficiency). virusi.FDA irasaba gukoresha imipira ya 0.1 micron itabogamye kugirango igerageze, ariko ibice binini nabyo birashobora gukoreshwa mugupima, witondere rero niba "@ 0.1 micron" byashyizweho nyuma ya PFE%.
• Kurwanya Amazi: Ipima ubushobozi bwa masike yo kubaga kugirango irinde kwinjira mumaraso n'amazi yo mumubiri.Bigaragarira muri mmHg.Urwego rwohejuru agaciro, nibikorwa byiza byo kurinda.Uburyo bwo gupima ASTM ni ugukoresha amaraso yubukorikori kugirango utere urwego rwumuvuduko: 80mmHg (umuvuduko wamaraso), 120mmHg (umuvuduko wa arterial) cyangwa 160mmHg (umuvuduko ukabije ushobora kubaho mugihe cyihungabana cyangwa kubagwa) kugirango urebe niba mask ishobora guhagarika gutembera kwamazi kuva kumurongo wo hanze ugana imbere.
• Umuvuduko utandukanye (Delta-P / igitutu gitandukanye).
• Flammability / Ikwirakwizwa rya Flame (flammability): Kuberako hari ibikoresho byinshi byubuvuzi bwa elegitoroniki byimbaraga nyinshi mubyumba byo gukoreramo, hari amasoko menshi ashobora gutwikwa, kandi ibidukikije bya ogisijeni birahagije, kuburyo mask yo kubaga igomba kuba ifite umuriro muke.

Binyuze mu bizamini bya BFE na PFE, dushobora kumva ko masike yubuvuzi isanzwe cyangwa masike yo kubaga bifite ingaruka zimwe na zimwe nka masike yo gukumira icyorezo, cyane cyane mu gukumira indwara zimwe na zimwe zikwirakwizwa cyane n’ibitonyanga;ariko masike yubuvuzi ntishobora kuyungurura uduce duto mu kirere.Ntabwo igira ingaruka nke mukurinda bagiteri n'indwara zo mu kirere zishobora guhagarikwa mu kirere.

Ibipimo bya ASTM kubuvuzi bwo kubaga

ASTM Igishinwa yitwa Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika ishinzwe ibizamini n'ibikoresho.Nimwe mumiryango minini mpuzamahanga yubuziranenge ku isi.Yinzobere mubushakashatsi no gutegura ibintu bifatika hamwe nuburyo bwo gupima.FDA izi kandi uburyo bwo gupima ASTM ya masike yo kubaga.Barageragezwa bakoresheje ibipimo bya ASTM.

Isuzuma rya ASTM rya masike yo kubaga ubuvuzi rigabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu:

• ASTM Urwego rwa 1 Inzitizi yo hepfo
• ASTM Urwego 2 Urwego ruciriritse
• ASTM Urwego rwa 3 Inzitizi Yisumbuye

Birashobora kugaragara uhereye hejuru ko ASTM ikizamini gisanzwe ikoresha0.1 micron ibiceKuri Kugerageza IyungururaPFEibice.HasiUrwego 1mask yubuvuzi igomba kuba ishoborakuyungurura bagiteri na virusi zitwarwa muri 95% cyangwa zirenga zibitonyanga, na Byateye imbereUrwego rwa 2 n'urwego rwa 3masike yo kwa muganga irashoborakuyungurura bagiteri na virusi bitwarwa na 98% cyangwa birenga byibitonyanga.Itandukaniro rinini hagati yinzego eshatu ni ukurwanya amazi.

Mugihe uguze masike yubuvuzi, inshuti zigomba kureba ibipimo byemeza byanditse mubipfunyika, ibipimo bipimwa, nibipimo byujujwe.Kurugero, masike zimwe zizavuga gusa "Guhura na ASTM F2100-11 Urwego rwa 3 Ibipimo", Bisobanura ko bujuje ASTM Urwego 3 / Urwego rwo hejuru.

Ibicuruzwa bimwe birashobora kandi gutondeka byumwihariko agaciro kapimwe.Ikintu cyingenzi cyo kwirinda virusi ni“PFE% @ 0.1 micron (0.1 micron ibice byo kuyungurura)”.Kubijyanye n'ibipimo bipima kurwanya amazi no gutwikwa kw'amaraso, Niba urwego rwo hejuru rwibipimo rudafite ingaruka nke.

CDC Ibisobanuro birwanya icyorezo

Ubuvuzi bwo kubaga: ntibibuza gusa uwambaye gukwirakwiza mikorobe gusa, ahubwo anarinda uwambaye gutera spray no kumeneka, kandi bigira ingaruka zo gukumira indwara zikwirakwizwa nuduce twinshi twa spray;ariko masike isanzwe yubuvuzi ntishobora gushungura ntoya Particulate aerosol nta ngaruka zo gukumira indwara ziva mu kirere.

N95 masike:Irashobora guhagarika ibice binini byibitonyanga hamwe na hejuru ya 95% ya peteroli ntoya idafite amavuta.Kwambara neza masike ya NOSH yemewe ya N95 birashobora gukumira indwara zo mu kirere kandi birashobora gukoreshwa nkurwego rwo hasi rwa masike yo gukingira indwara zandurira mu kirere nka igituntu cyigituntu na SARS Nyamara, masike ya N95 ntishobora kuyungurura gaze cyangwa gutanga ogisijeni, kandi ntibikwiriye gaze yuburozi cyangwa hasi ibidukikije bya ogisijeni.

Maskike yo kubaga N95:bujuje ibipimo bya N95 byungururwa, wirinde ibitonyanga n'indwara zo mu kirere, kandi uhagarike amaraso n'amazi ashobora kubaho mugihe cyo kubagwa.FDA yemeye masike yo kubaga.