Indlela entsha yoThutho lweCoronavirus

(一) Umthombo wosulelo

Umthombo wosulelo olubonwayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ikakhulu ngabaguli abanenyumoniya abosulelwe yi-coronavirus entsha.

(二) Indlela yothumelo

Usulelo ngamathontsi endlela yokuphefumla yeyona ndlela iphambili yosulelo, kwaye inokudluliselwa ngokudibana.

(三) Abemi abasesichengeni

Abemi badla ngokuchaphazeleka.Abantu abadala kunye nabo banezifo ezingaphantsi bagula kakhulu emva kosulelo, kwaye abantwana kunye neentsana banaso esi sifo.

Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba i-coronavirus entsha (iNoveli yeCoronavirus ka-2019) isasazwa ikakhulu ngamathontsi okuphefumla, kwaye inokudluliselwa ngokunxibelelana.

Ke ngoko, indlela yosulelo lwentsholongwane ye-corona entsha eneneni ifana kakhulu nendlela yosulelo lwentsholongwane yomkhuhlane.Kwimeko yokungayiqondi ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane entsha, sinokubhekisa kwidatha yophando yangaphambili malunga nokuba ukunxiba imaski kunokuthintela intsholongwane yomkhuhlane.

Ukunxiba imaski kunokunceda ukuthintela usulelo lwentsholongwane

Uphononongo olupapashwe kwiJenali yeHlabathi yeZifo ezosulelayo yavavanya umngcipheko wosulelo lomkhuhlane phakathi kwamalungu osapho anabantwana abaphethwe zizifo ezinjengomkhuhlane, kuthelekisa iimaski ezi-N95 ezineemaski zonyango eziqhelekileyo kwaye akukho vavanyo lokuxinana kwegesi.(Iimaski ze-P2 ezingavavanywanga) kunye neemeko ezintathu ngaphandle kokunxiba imaski.Iziphumo zophononongo zibonise ukuba amalungu osapho anxiba iimaski ngokuchanekileyo anomngcipheko ophantsi we-80% womkhuhlane, kodwa umphumo wokusebenzisa iimaski eziqhelekileyo zonyango kunye neemaski ze-N95 ngaphandle koxinaniso lwegesi yovavanyo alufani kakhulu.

Olunye uphando kwi-Annals of Internal Medicine luvavanye abantu abangama-400 abanomkhuhlane.Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba xa uhlamba izandla kwaye unxibe imaski rhoqo,umngcipheko womkhuhlane kwintsapho yezigulane wancitshiswa ngama-70%.

Ingxelo evela kwiYunivesithi yaseMichigan kukufunda umphumo wongenelelo olungelulo lwe-pharmacological (NPI) ekuthinteleni umkhuhlane xa kukho ukunqongophala kwesitofu sokugonya.Uphononongo luphonononge ngaphezu kwe-1,000 labafundi beekholeji abahlala kwiindawo zokulala zabafundi kwaye bathelekisa "akukho manyathelo okukhusela akhethekileyo ngokuchasene nefuthe lokuthintela ukunxiba imaski vs ukunxiba imaski yobuso + ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo, uphando lufumanise ukubaukunxiba iimaski kuphela akunakuwuthintela umkhuhlane, kodwa ukunxiba iimaski kunye nokuhlamba izandla rhoqo kunokwehlisa umngcipheko womkhuhlane ngama-75%.

Ukongeza, uphando lweCDC lubonise ukubaIzigulana ezinxibe iimaski zonyango zinokunciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwe-aerosol yentsholongwane(incitshiswe ngamaxesha angama-3.4), enokunciphisa inombolo yekopi yentsholongwane ngamaxesha angama-2.8 kwiincinci ezincinci ezincinci kune-5 microns;ngamasuntswana amakhulu kune-5 microns, Inokunciphisa inani lekopi yentsholongwane ngamaxesha angama-25.

Inokubonwa apha ngasentla ukuba intsholongwane yomkhuhlane kunye ne-coronavirus entsha, indibaniselwano yokunxiba imaski kunye nokuhlamba izandla rhoqo kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukosuleleka kwentsholongwane ngamaconsi kunye nokunxibelelana, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wosulelo.

Indlela yokuzisa imaski yokuhlinzwa yonyango?

Iimaski zonyango zihlala zinamacala alungileyo nangalunganga aluhlaza namhlophe, akwaziwa ngokuba ziimaski ezibhlowu namhlophe.Ngapha koko, iimaski zonyango zinemigangatho emithathu ubuncinci:

• Umaleko wangaphandle ubukhulu becala uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye eminye imibala, eyenziwe ngezinto ezithintela amanzi, ezinokuthintela ulwelo ekungeneni kumaski ukuya ngaphakathi kwayo;
• Embindini kukho umaleko wokuhluza ukuthintela iintsholongwane;
• Umaleko wangaphakathi umhlophe, okwaziyo ukufunxa ukufuma nokufuma xa uphefumla.

Ngoko ke, xa unxibe imaski, kufunekajongana necala elimhlophe kunye necala elinombala ngaphandle ukuze libe nempembelelo yokukhusela.

Indlela echanekileyo yokunxiba imaski yotyando lwezonyango:

1. Coca izandla zakho phambi kokuba unxibe imaski;
2. Khetha imaski elingana nobungakanani bakho, beka umtya wesinyithi kwicala lemaski phezulu, uxhome iibhanti ezilastiki ngasemva kwendlebe, emva koko wandise ngokupheleleyo umphezulu wokusonga wangaphandle ukuze uqinisekise ukuba imaski ivala umlomo ngokupheleleyo. , impumlo kunye nesilevu, kwaye emva koko ucinezele umcu wesinyithi ngezandla zombini Ikliphu yempumlo ukwenza imaski ilungele ubuso ngokupheleleyo;
3. Zama ukuba ungayiphathi imaski kwakhona emva kokunxiba imaski.Ukuba kufuneka uyichukumise, kufuneka uhlambe izandla zakho phambi nasemva;
4. Xa ususa imaski, zama ukuba ungachukumisi umaleko wangaphandle we-mask, kufuneka ukhuphe i-band elastic emva kwendlebe ukuze ususe imaski;
5. Iimaski zifanele zilahlwe kumgqomo wenkunkuma emva kokusetyenziswa kwaye zigqunyiwe, nezandla zifanele zihlanjwe ngoko nangoko.Iimaski zonyango ziyalahlwa kwaye akufuneki ziphinde zisetyenziswe.

Unxiba nini imaski:

• Xa usondela kumntu ogulayo, kufuneka unxibe imaski phambi kwe-6 iinyawo / 2 yeemitha (idatha ibonisa ukuba izigulane zomkhuhlane zinokosulela abantu ngaphakathi kweenyawo ezi-6 kuwe);
• Ukuba uyagula, kufuneka unxibe imaski yonyango ngaphambi kokuba uye kwabanye;
• Ukuba uneempawu zezifo ezithathelwanayo ezifana nomkhuhlane okanye i-pneumonia entsha, kufuneka ugqoke imaski yonyango xa uya kugqirha ukukhusela ukusasazeka kwebhaktheriya;
• Ukuba kukho abantu abaninzi ngokukhohlela kunye nokuthimla, ukunxiba imaski nako kunokukuthintela ukuba utshizwe ngamathontsi, kodwa iimaski zonyango azikwazi ukucoca iiaerosols ezincinci ezixhonywe emoyeni.Oko kukuthi, xa uhamba kwisitrato esingenanto kwaye akukho bantu kufutshane, akukho mahluko phakathi kokunxiba imaski yezonyango kwaye hayi.

Ingaba imaski yonyango inokunxitywa ixesha elingakanani?

Kucetyiswa ngokubanzi ukuba iimaski zotyando eziqinisekisiweyo ze-ASTM zisetyenziselwe okokokohayi ngaphezulu kwe 4 iiyure, kuba umphumo wokukhusela uya kuncipha kunye nexesha.Ukongeza, xa imaski yonyango iba manzi, imdaka, okanye yonakele kwaye iwe, iya kuchaphazela nefuthe lokukhusela, kwaye zonke iimaski ezintsha kufuneka zitshintshwe.

Iimaski zonyango kufuneka zilahlwe kwinkonkxa yenkunkuma enesiciko emva kokusetyenziswa ukunciphisa amathuba okusasazeka kweentsholongwane.

Iimaski ezilahlwayo akufuneki ziphinde zisetyenziswe.Emva kokucoca, ukucoca kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane ngamanzi, ukufudumeza, utywala kunye nezinye izinto zeekhemikhali, imisebe ye-ultraviolet, njl.Uvavanyo alukhuthazwa ngokubanzi.Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yokunqongophala kwezixhobo, indlela yokukhetha ukufudumeza okomileyo okanye iimaski ze-ultraviolet zokubulala iintsholongwane zithembeke ngakumbi.

Ukongeza ekunxibeni imaski, hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo!

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, impembelelo yokunxiba imaski yokuthintela usulelo lwentsholongwane ayilunganga, kuba intsholongwane ayisasazwanga ngamathontsi nje kuphela, kodwa inokusasazeka ngokudibana ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo kwimibhobho yomlomo, impumlo, kwaye amehlo;Ixesha lokufukamela lisenokusasaza intsholongwane.Xa uqhagamshelwane nomthwali, okanye ukudibana nezinto ezingcoliswe yintsholongwane zinokosulelwa.

Ukuba imikhwa yakho yococeko ayilunganga, bamba umphandle wemaski ethintela iintsholongwane ezininzi ngezandla zakho, emva koko ususe imaski, emva koko uhlikihle amehlo akho kwaye ubambe ukutya ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla.Kwakhona.

Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlakulela imikhwa emihle, ukuba ungachukumisi ngokuthe ngqo amehlo, impumlo kunye nomlomo ngezandla zakho, kwaye uhlambe izandla zakho rhoqo kwaye ngokucophelela!

• Xa unokubona ngokucacileyo ukungcola, kufuneka uhlambe izandla zakho ngesepha kunye namanzi abalekayo imizuzwana engama-20;
• Abahlobo banokulandela “indlela yokuhlamba izandla enamanyathelo asixhenxe” kwaye bafunde amanyathelo achanekileyo okuhlamba izandla;
• Xa kungekho bumdaka bucacileyo, ungazihlamba izandla zakho ngesepha namanzi, okanye usebenzise isicoci sesandla esingacocekanga esinomlinganiselo wotywala ongekho ngaphantsi kwama-60% ukucoca izandla zakho;
• Xa uphuma, kungcono uphathe isicoci sesandla esingenamanzi ukuze ucoce izandla zakho nangaliphi na ixesha.

Ukongeza kokunikela ingqalelo kucoceko lobuqu, kufuneka kwakhona unikele ingqalelo kucoceko lwekhaya lakho nendawo osebenza kuyo.Ngokukodwa xa kukho umntu ogulayo okufutshane nawe, kufuneka uchukumise umphezulu wezinye izinto ezihlala ziphathwa zizandla zakho, njengeefowuni eziphathwayo, iikeyboards zemouse, iidesktops, izibambo zamacango, izibambo zamacango efriji, izitshixo zokukhanya, iiremote control zeTV, izibambo zokugungxula zangasese, iipupu, njl.