Indlela Entsha Yokudluliswa KweCoronavirus

(一) Umthombo wokutheleleka

Umthombo wokutheleleka osekubonwe kuze kube manje ikakhulukazi iziguli ezinenyumoniya ezitheleleke nge-coronavirus entsha.

(二) Umzila wokudlulisa

Ukudluliselwa ngamaconsi epheshana lokuphefumula kuyindlela eyinhloko yokudlulisela, futhi ingadluliselwa ngokuthintana.

(三) Isibalo sabantu abathintekayo

Isibalo sabantu ngokuvamile siyathinteka.Abantu asebekhulile nalabo abanezifo eziwumshoshaphansi bagula kakhulu ngemva kokutheleleka, futhi izingane nezinsana nazo zinalesi sifo.

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi i-coronavirus entsha (i-Novel Coronavirus ka-2019) isakazwa kakhulu ngamaconsi okuphefumula, futhi ingadluliselwa ngokuthintana.

Ngakho-ke, indlela yokudlulisela igciwane elisha le-corona empeleni ifana kakhulu nendlela yokudlulisela igciwane lomkhuhlane.Esimeni sokungaqondi ngokugcwele igciwane elisha, singabheka idatha yocwaningo lwangaphambilini yokuthi ukugqoka imaskhi kungalivikela yini igciwane lomkhuhlane.

Ukugqoka imaski kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane

Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ku-International Journal of Infectious Diseases luhlole ubungozi bokutheleleka komkhuhlane phakathi kwamalungu omndeni anezingane eziphethwe izifo ezinjengomkhuhlane, kuqhathaniswa omamaski be-N95 namamaski ajwayelekile wezokwelapha futhi akukho ukuhlolwa kokuminyana kwegesi.(Amamaski e-P2 angahloliwe) kanye namacala amathathu ngaphandle kokugqoka imaski.Imiphumela yocwaningo iveze ukuthi amalungu omndeni agqoka imaski ngendlela efanele anengozi ephansi ngo-80% yomkhuhlane, kodwa umphumela wokusebenzisa imaski yezokwelapha evamile kanye nemaski e-N95 ngaphandle kokuminyana kwegesi yokuhlola awehlukile kakhulu.

Olunye ucwaningo ku-Annals of Internal Medicine lwahlola abantu abangama-400 abanomkhuhlane.Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi lapho ugeza izandla futhi ugqoke imaski njalo,ingozi yomkhuhlane emndenini weziguli yehla ngo-70%.

Umbiko ovela eNyuvesi yaseMichigan owokufunda umphumela we-non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) ekuvimbeleni umkhuhlane uma kwenzeka kushoda umgomo.Ucwaningo lwenze inhlolovo yabafundi basekolishi abangaphezu kuka-1,000 abahlala ezindlini zokulala zabafundi futhi laqhathanisa “izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezikhethekile eziqhathaniswa nomphumela wokuvimbela ukugqoka imaskhi uma kuqhathaniswa nokugqoka imaskhi yobuso + ukugeza izandla njalo, ucwaningo lwathola ukuthiukugqoka imaski kuphela akukwazi ukuvimbela umkhuhlane, kodwa ukugqoka imaski nokugeza izandla njalo kunganciphisa ingozi yomkhuhlane ngama-75%.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lwe-CDC lwabonisa lokhoiziguli ezigqoke imaski yezokwelapha zinganciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwe-aerosol yegciwane(kwehliswe izikhathi ezingu-3.4), okunganciphisa inombolo yokukopisha igciwane izikhathi ezingu-2.8 ngezinhlayiya ezincane ezingaphansi kwama-microns angu-5;ngezinhlayiya ezinkulu kuno-5 microns , Inganciphisa inombolo yokukopisha igciwane izikhathi ezingama-25.

Kungabonakala kulokhu okungenhla ukuthi ngegciwane lomkhuhlane kanye ne-coronavirus entsha, inhlanganisela yokugqoka imaskhi nokugeza izandla njalo kunganciphisa ngempumelelo amathuba okudluliselwa kwegciwane ngamaconsi kanye nokuxhumana, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ingozi yokutheleleka.

Indlela yokuletha imaski yokuhlinzwa yezokwelapha?

Amamaski ezokwelapha ngokuvamile anezinhlangothi ezinhle nezingezinhle eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezimhlophe, ezaziwa nangokuthi imaski eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namhlophe.Eqinisweni, imaski yezokwelapha inezingqimba okungenani ezintathu:

• Ungqimba lwangaphandle ngokuvamile luluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eminye imibala, eyenziwe ngezinto ezivimba amanzi, ezingavimbela uketshezi ukuthi lungene kumaski lungene ngaphakathi kwalo;
• Phakathi nendawo kukhona ungqimba lokuhlunga lokuvimba amagciwane;
• Ungqimba lwangaphakathi lumhlophe, olukwazi ukumunca umswakama futhi lumunce umswakama lapho kukhishwa umoya.

Ngakho-ke, uma ugqoke imaski, kufanelebhekana nohlangothi olumhlophe kanye nohlangothi olunemibala ngaphandle ukuze lube nomphumela wokuvikela.

Indlela efanele yokugqoka imaski yokuhlinzwa yezokwelapha:

1. Hlanza izandla zakho ngaphambi kokugqoka imaski;
2. Khetha imaski elingana nosayizi wakho, beka umucu wensimbi ohlangothini lwemaski phezulu, ulengise amabhande okunwebeka ngemuva kwendlebe, bese unweba ngokugcwele indawo egoqekayo yangaphandle ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi imaski ivala umlomo ngokuphelele. , ikhala nesilevu, bese ucindezela umucu wensimbi ngazo zombili izandla Isiqeshana sekhala ukwenza imaski ilingane ubuso ngokuphelele;
3. Zama ukuthi ungaphinde uyithinti imaski ngemva kokugqoka imaski.Uma kufanele uyithinte, kufanele ugeze izandla zakho ngaphambi nangemuva;
4. Uma ususa imaski, zama ukuthi ungathinti ungqimba lwangaphandle lwe-mask, kufanele udonse ibhande lokunwebeka ngemuva kwendlebe ukuze ususe imaski;
5. Izifihlabuso kufanele zilahlwe emgqonyeni kadoti ngemva kokusetshenziswa futhi zimbozwe, futhi izandla kufanele zigezwe ngokushesha.Imaski yezokwelapha iyalahlwa futhi akufanele iphinde isetshenziswe.

Isikhathi sokugqoka imaski:

• Lapho usondela kumuntu ogulayo, kufanele ugqoke imaski ngaphambi kwamafidi angu-6/2 wamamitha (idatha ibonisa ukuthi iziguli zomkhuhlane zingathelela abantu phakathi kwamamitha angu-6 ukusuka kuwe);
• Uma ugula, kufanele ugqoke imaski yezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuya kwabanye;
• Uma unezimpawu zezifo ezithathelwanayo njengomkhuhlane noma inyumoniya entsha, kufanele ugqoke imaski yezokwelapha lapho uya kudokotela ukuze uvimbele ukusabalala kwamagciwane;
• Uma kunabantu abaningi lapho bekhwehlela futhi bethimula, ukugqoka imaski nakho kungakuvimbela ukuba ungafuthwa ngamaconsi, kodwa imaski yezokwelapha ayikwazi ukuhlunga ama-aerosol amancane alenga emoyeni.Okusho ukuthi, lapho uhamba emgwaqweni ongenalutho futhi kungekho bantu eduze, akukho mehluko phakathi kokugqoka imaskhi yezokwelapha hhayi.

Imaski yezokwelapha ingagqokwa isikhathi esingakanani?

Ngokuvamile kuyanconywa ukuthi imaski yokuhlinzwa yezokwelapha eqinisekisiwe ye-ASTM isetshenziswe ngokuqhubekayoamahora angaphezu kwama-4, ngoba umphumela wokuvikela uzokwehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho imaski yezokwelapha iba manzi, ingcolile, noma ilimale futhi iwe, izophinde ithinte umphumela wokuvikela, futhi zonke izifihla-buso ezintsha kufanele zishintshwe.

Amamaski ezokwelapha kufanele alahlwe emgqonyeni kadoti onesivalo ngemva kokusetshenziswa ukuze kuncishiswe amathuba okusabalala kwamagciwane.

Amamaski alahlwayo akufanele aphinde asetshenziswe.Ngemuva kokuhlanza, ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane ngamanzi, ukufudumeza, utshwala nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali, imisebe ye-ultraviolet, njll., kungenzeka kulimaze ungqimba olungangeni manzi kanye nongqimba lokuhlunga lwemaski.Ukuhlola ngokuvamile akunconyiwe.Kodwa-ke, esimweni sokushoda kwezinto zokwakha, indlela yokukhetha imaski yokushisa eyomile noma imaski ye-ultraviolet disinfection inokwethenjelwa kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kokugqoka imaski, geza izandla zakho njalo!

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umphumela wokugqoka imaskhi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngegciwane awulungile, ngoba igciwane alisakazwa nje kuphela ngamaconsi, kodwa futhi lingasakazwa ngokuthintana okuqondile noma okungaqondile ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi lwamafinyila omlomo, imbobo yamakhala, futhi. amehlo;Isikhathi se-incubation singasakaza igciwane.Uma uthintwa ophethe, noma ukuthintana nezinto ezitheleleke ngegciwane kungenzeka utheleleke.

Uma imikhuba yakho yenhlanzeko yomuntu siqu ingezinhle, thinta ingaphandle le-mask evimba amagciwane amaningi ngezandla zakho, bese ususa imaski, bese ucikica amehlo akho futhi ubambe ukudla ngaphandle kokugeza izandla zakho.Futhi.

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa imikhuba emihle, ungathinti ngokuqondile amehlo, ikhala nomlomo ngezandla zakho, nokugeza izandla zakho njalo futhi ngokucophelela!

• Uma ubona kahle ukungcola, kufanele ugeze izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi agelezayo imizuzwana engu-20;
• Abangane bangalandela "indlela yezinyathelo eziyisikhombisa zokugeza izandla" futhi bafunde izinyathelo ezifanele zokugeza izandla;
• Uma kungekho ukungcola okusobala, ungakwazi ukugeza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi, noma usebenzise isicoci sezandla esingahlanzekile esinotshwala obungekho ngaphansi kuka-60% ukuze uhlanze izandla zakho;
• Lapho uphuma, kungcono ukuphatha isibulali magciwane esingenamanzi ukuze uhlanze izandla zakho noma nini.

Ngaphezu kokunaka inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu, kufanele futhi unake inhlanzeko yekhaya lakho nendawo yokusebenza.Ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ogulayo eduze kwakho, kufanele uthinte ingaphezulu lezinto ezithile izandla zakho ezivame ukuzithinta, njengomakhalekhukhwini, ama-keyboards, amadeskithophu, izibambo zezicabha, izibambo zezicabha zesiqandisi, amaswishi okukhanya, izilawuli kude ze-TV, izibambo ze-flush zasendlini yangasese, ompompi, njll. Vala amagciwane futhi ubulale amagciwane ngotshwala noma ngezibulali magciwane okungenani kanye ngosuku.