Ukumunca isikhwehlela kungenye yezindlela ezivamile zokuhlinza futhi kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokusula uketshezi lokuphefumula.Kulo msebenzi, ishubhu lokumunca lidlala indima ebalulekile.Nokho, kungakanani okwaziyo ngakho?

Liyini ishubhu lokumunca?

Ishubhu lokumunca lenziwe ngezinto ze-polymer yezokwelapha futhi lakhiwa i-catheter, i-valve yokulawula ukumunca nezixhumi (isixhumi esiyikhoni, isixhumi esigobile, isixhumi esihlutshiwe ngesandla, isixhumi sevalvu, isixhumi sohlobo lwaseYurophu) Isixhumi sixhunywe emshinini wokumunca esibhedlela ukukhipha isikhwehlela esiphuma emgwaqeni we-tracheostomy ukuze kuvuleke indlela yokuphefumula.Amanye amashubhu okumunca nawo anomsebenzi wokuqoqa nokugcina lokhu kuphuma.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ishubhu lokumunca elilahlwayo lingumkhiqizo oyinyumba, ovalwe inzalo nge-ethylene.Ikhawulelwe ekusetshenzisweni okukodwa futhi ayivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kabusha.Ishubhu elilodwa lomuntu oyedwa futhi asikho isidingo sokuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane futhi, okuyinto elula kakhulu futhi ehlanzekile.

Ishubhu lokumunca lisetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukukhipha isikhwehlela nokunye uketshezi kuqhoqhoqho ukuze kuvinjelwe iziguli ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kokuphefumula, i-asphyxia kanye nokwehluleka ukuphefumula.Iziguli zelulekwa ukuba ziyisebenzise ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela ezibhedlela eziqeqeshiwe kunokuba ziyisebenzise ngasese ukuze zigweme ukubangela omunye umonakalo omkhulu emizimbeni yazo ngenxa yokuyisebenzisa ngendlela engafanele.

Amashubhu okumunca angahlukaniswa abe amamodeli ayisithupha ngokuya ngobubanzi bawo: F4, F6, F8, F10, F12 kanye noF16.Ukuze uvimbele ukuvela kwe-aspiration pneumonia, imodeli efanelekile ye-tube kufanele ikhethwe ngokuvumelana nesimo esithile sesiguli ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala kwe-mucosal yomoya kanye nokutheleleka kwesibili.

Ungakhetha kanjani amashubhu okumunca

Kuphela uma ukhetha ishubhu lokumunca elilungile lapho lingaba usizo futhi lingalimazi iziguli.Ngakho-ke ukukhethwa kwamashubhu okumunca kunezidingo ezingezansi:

1.Impahla yeshubhu lokumunca kufanele ingabi nobuthi futhi ingabi yingozi emzimbeni womuntu, futhi ukuthungwa kufanele kube thambile, ukuze kuncishiswe umonakalo ku-mucosa futhi kube lula ukusebenza.
2.Ishubhu lokumunca kufanele libe nobude obanele ukuvumela ukufukamela okufika ngesikhathi nokwanele kwesikhwehlela ukuze sifinyelele ekujuleni kwemigudu yomoya.
3.Ububanzi beshubhu lokumunca akufanele libe lide kakhulu noma libe mfushane kakhulu.Singakhetha ishubhu lokumunca elinobubanzi obungaba ngu-1-2 cm wokudonsa isikhwehlela.Ububanzi beshubhu lokumunca akufanele budlule uhhafu wobubanzi bomzila womoya wokwenziwa kakhulu.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ishubhu lokumunca elinezimbobo eziseceleni mancane amathuba okuthi livinjwe uketshezi ngesikhathi sokumunca isikhwehlela.Umphumela wawo ungcono kunalowo wamashubhu anezimbobo eziseceleni futhi lapho i-lager izimbobo eziseceleni zinjalo, umphumela uba ngcono.Ububanzi pf ishubhu lokumunca likhulu, ukuncishiswa kokucindezela okungalungile endleleni yokuphefumula kuzoba kuncane futhi umphumela wokumunca uzoba ngcono, kodwa ukuwa kwephaphu okubangelwa phakathi nenqubo yokumunca nakho kuzoba kubi kakhulu.

Lapho sisebenzisa amashubhu okumunca, kudingeka siqaphele ukuthi siwasebenzisa isikhathi eside kangakanani.Isikhathi sokudonsa isikhwehlela akufanele sidlule imizuzwana eyi-15 ngesikhathi, futhi isikhawu kufanele sibe ngaphezu kwemizuzu emi-3 ekudonseni ngakunye kwesikhwehlela.Uma isikhathi sisifushane kakhulu, kuzodala ukulangazelela okubi;Uma isikhathi siside kakhulu, sizobangela ukungakhululeki esigulini ngisho nobunzima bokuphefumula.

Indlela yokukhiqiza amashubhu okumunca

Njengesisetshenziswa sezokwelapha esibalulekile, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nemvelo yamashubhu okumunca kudingeka kulawulwe ngokuqinile, futhi njengomkhiqizo wezokwelapha obalulekile, umthamo wokukhiqiza ophezulu uyadingeka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo semakethe.

Umshini wokukhiqiza amashubhu okumunca okuzenzakalelayo we-Hengxingli ungakhiqiza amashubhu ayisithupha ngesikhathi, futhi ungahlanganisa, usike futhi unamathisele isixhumi eshubhu.Izixhumi zinamathiselwe ngokuqinile nge-cyclic ketone glue.Isixhumi sophondo nesixhumi esimise okwendiza kuyakhethwa ngokuya ngezidingo.Umshini ungenza ngokuzenzakalelayo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza, futhi ushintshe ngokuzenzakalelayo izimbobo zokuphakela izinto ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ngeke ume lapho wengeza noma ushintsha izinto.Iphinde yakhelwe ngesakhiwo sokubhoboza esinembayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukungaguquguquki okuphezulu komkhiqizo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhambisana okuphezulu komshini kuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwanoma yikuphi usayizi nokucaciswa kwamashubhu ngaphandle kokushintsha isikhunta.Umshini ungabuye uxhumeke kulayini wokupakisha kanye nesistimu yokuhlola umkhiqizo othomathikhi ngokwezidingo zokukhiqiza, okwenza kube umshini wokukhiqiza ishubhu lokumunca ongabizi kakhulu.